"I'm afraid of
Greeks even those bearing gifts."
Laocoön in Virgil's Aeneid,
Book II
Before she was raped and murdered, King Priam's daughter
Cassandra was allegedly seduced by Apollo with the proposition that in exchange
for sex she would receive the capacity to prophesy. Through some twist of chastity, Apollo got
upset with her spurning of his affections and cursed her with the fate of being
right but never believed. So, when she advised
the Trojans that the large wooden horse was actually the agency of their downfall,
they neglected her warnings and the rest is history. Her miserable life ended as the assassinated
concubine of King Agamemnon of Mycenae. How's
that for a tough dose of reality!
There's more than enough Greek tragedy to go around this week
and everybody's got a little case of the Siege of Troy going on. The Germans and the French are sick and tired
of promises of Aegean austerity being met with populist protests which lead to
Greek political accommodation. The IMF
is frustrated and doesn't see a path forward that doesn't include massive
political and social upheaval. And let's
face it: this is not a great time to incite the oppressed classes in any
country into revolt. Before long, you
could have all kinds of things going wrong and there are already enough things
off the rails.
If you try to trace what's gone on in Greece since the run
up to the Athens Olympic Games in 2004 (you really don't want to pull back the
curtain on that if you want to live in blissful ignorance of what's happening
in the Middle East right now), you'll note that there have been over €300
billion pumped into Greek economic support packages none of which have a
reasonable expectation of being repaid. In
a recent article, Princeton University's Professor of History and International
Affairs Harold James attempted to unpack the populist message in Greece
reminding creditor-in-chief Germany that it still owes Greece an unpaid debt
from the end of World War I. "When
democracy" [the pro-labor stance that says that Greek pensions should
be untouched and that austerity is too austere] "is used to justify shifting a country's burden onto its neighbors,
integration becomes impossible - and both democracy and the international order
may be jeopardized. Just as financial
contagion can spread market uncertainties through neighboring economies, so,
too, can political contagion spread the adoption of a zero-sum mentality."
Whew! I'm so thankful
that I'm living in America where we don't have any of these… I'm sorry, what is
that? Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen
is about to address Congress on Tuesday to discuss U.S. interest rates. Oh, no worries, unemployment is down, oil
prices are low which should boost consumer spending. Right?
Nothing to see here - back to the EU paroxysm… right?
Well, kind of… almost… not quite.
As I sought to untangle the bailouts and refinancings of the
Greeks, I thought I'd check in on the lovely U.S. of A. and see how we're doing
with our post-2008 financial house. For
that, I pulled up the February 19, 2015 H.4.1. - a document that I find deeply
informative and more Greek tragedy than I'd like. It's always mind bending to see that in a
country where we have about $1.3 trillion in circulation, the Fed holds $1.7
trillion in mortgages, $2.5 trillion in Treasury securities and other assets
totally about $4.5 trillion in reserve funds.
Over the past week, it picked up another $14 billion in mortgage-backed
securities just to beef up a health economy!
Well done. But footnote 17 - you
know the one - at the bottom of the footnote section where you never actually
go to read is that pesky little line item "liability for interest on Federal
Reserve notes due to the U.S. Treasury" which currently sits at $65.4
billion.
Four years ago, through a technical accounting gimmick, the
Federal Reserve created a mechanism whereby it could never show a capital
loss. Let's examine this more
closely. The Federal Reserve is required
to send its profits to the U.S. Treasury and, given their amazing investments
in things like AIG's Maiden Lane, Mortgage Back Securities and the like - this
amount should be sizable. As long as
interest rates stay anemically low, the Fed's ability to earn income in excess
of interest paid on bank reserves is totally cool. However, if the Fed ever had to sell assets -
like mortgages and other securities - at a loss, it would lose money, right? Not so fast!
Now, if the Fed loses money on saleable assets, it reports it as a
negative interest due to the U.S. Treasury.
In other words, if the Fed loses money, such losses will be offset
against future remittances to the Treasury thereby making the Fed
incapable of having a negative capital position. And clearly, smart people who are watching
our economic interests care, right? The
ultimate anti-Cassandra clarity award goes to Bank of America's Ralph Axel who
stated that: "We will not make too much of a fuss over this accounting
change, but the overall theme of reduced government credibility is strengthened
by it." Wow! The theme of reduced credibility is strengthened….
beware of bank executives and their beguiling Fed double speak.
So here's a puzzle.
If Yellen signals a rise in interest rates, it's going to effectively
devalue the "assets" held on its own balance sheet (which it bought
during a period where Quantitative Easing mandated buying assets others didn't
want). But that's cool, right? Because she'll be able to pick up the benefit
of a negative interest on obligations due the Treasury and so she'll actually
suffer no loss. However, if the Fed doesn't
suffer a loss, doesn't someone have to pick up the tab? Ummm…
Greece, the U.S., and the E.U. all have the same
problem. During the end of the siege
from 2008-2011, some clever soldiers got together and left a horse outside the
city gates. It had the name Quantitative
Easing hung around its neck. And,
failing to heed the voices of the Cassandras who said that if we take the horse
into our debauched celebration of economic recovery, bad things might come out
and stab us in our sleep, we drug the colossal gift into our balance
sheets. And now, realizing that the
horse was loaded with our undoing, we've decided to shift attention on the Greeks
and their incapacity to be fiscally responsible in hopes that no one ever reads
the footnotes in our financial statement.
Because if they did, they'd see that our problems are an order of
magnitude bigger and, as Harold James put it, "both democracy and the
international order may be jeopardized".
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